Posted: September 4th, 2023

Describe available preventive services

Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following: Describe available preventive services that providers might recommend for patients at risk of breast cancer. Explain how the race might impact decisions related to preventive services. Describe drug treatment options for patients diagnosed breast cancer. Explain the short-term and long-term implications of these treatments.
Breast cancer is a serious health concern for women worldwide, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases diagnosed in 2020 alone. While some factors, such as age, gender, and genetics, can increase the risk of developing breast cancer, there are also several preventive services that healthcare providers can recommend to reduce a patient’s risk of developing breast cancer. Additionally, the race of the patient can impact decisions related to preventive services. In this paper, we will describe preventive services for patients at risk of breast cancer, discuss how race might impact decisions related to these services, and describe drug treatment options for patients diagnosed with breast cancer.

Preventive Services for Patients at Risk of Breast Cancer

Several preventive services can help reduce the risk of breast cancer for patients at risk. One such service is breast cancer screening, which includes mammography, clinical breast exams, and breast self-exams. Mammography is the most common screening tool used to detect breast cancer, and it involves taking X-rays of the breast tissue to look for abnormalities. Clinical breast exams are physical exams performed by a healthcare provider to look for lumps or other abnormalities in the breast tissue, while breast self-exams involve a patient checking their own breasts for lumps or changes in size or shape.

Another preventive service that providers may recommend for patients at risk of breast cancer is genetic testing. Genetic testing can identify mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which increase the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. If a patient tests positive for these mutations, they may choose to undergo preventative surgeries, such as a mastectomy or oophorectomy, to reduce their risk of developing cancer.

Race and Preventive Services for Breast Cancer

While breast cancer affects women of all races, there are racial disparities in breast cancer incidence, mortality, and access to care. For example, African American women are more likely to develop breast cancer at a younger age and are more likely to die from breast cancer than white women. Additionally, African American women are less likely to receive timely mammography screening and follow-up care after abnormal mammography results.

The reasons for these disparities are complex and multifactorial, but some possible factors include socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, cultural beliefs and attitudes, and biological differences. Providers should be aware of these disparities and work to provide equitable and culturally sensitive care to all patients.

Drug Treatment Options for Patients with Breast Cancer

For patients diagnosed with breast cancer, several drug treatment options are available, including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy. Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body, while hormone therapy blocks the hormones that fuel certain types of breast cancer. Targeted therapy drugs target specific molecules that are involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells.

The short-term and long-term implications of these treatments can vary depending on the patient’s age, overall health, and cancer stage. Common side effects of chemotherapy include fatigue, hair loss, nausea, and vomiting, while hormone therapy can cause hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood changes. Targeted therapy may cause skin rash, diarrhea, or high blood pressure.

In the long term, these treatments may impact a patient’s quality of life and overall health. Chemotherapy, for example, can increase the risk of developing heart problems or secondary cancers. Hormone therapy may increase the risk of osteoporosis or bone fractures. Providers should work with patients to weigh the potential benefits and risks of each treatment option and develop a personalized treatment plan that takes into account the patient’s individual needs and preferences.

Conclusion

Breast cancer is a significant health concern that affects millions of women worldwide. Healthcare providers can recommend several preventive services, such as breast cancer screening and genetic testing, to reduce a patient’s risk of developing breast cancer. Additionally, drug treatments

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